In most cases, Linux system administrators login to remote Linux servers using SSH either by supplying a password, or passwordless SSH login, or keybased SSH authentication.
What if you want to supply a password along with username to SSH prompt itself? this is where sshpass comes to rescue.
R ecently I come across a nice little nifty tool called pssh to run a single command on multiple Linux / UNIX / BSD servers. You can easily increase your productivy with this SSH tool. More about pssh. Pssh is a command line tool for executing ssh in parallel on some hosts. OpenSSH is the premier connectivity tool for remote login with the SSH protocol. It encrypts all traffic to eliminate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other attacks. In addition, OpenSSH provides a large suite of secure tunneling capabilities, several authentication methods, and sophisticated configuration options. What is Remote Login. Remote Login has been one of Mac OS X's built-in Sharing features since Snow Leopard's release in 2009. It allows other computers to connect to a Mac and issue commands using SSH -- a network protocol based on a client-server model that creates a secure line of communication between two or more computers. This is a popular tool that lets you run a VNC server on the remote linux server and connect to it using a VNC client on your local system. There is more information about this option in Using VNC via ssh tunneling.
sshpass is a simple and lightweight command line tool that enables us to provide password (non-interactive password authentication) to the command prompt itself, so that automated shell scripts can be executed to take backups via cron scheduler.
ssh uses straight TTY access to make sure that the password is actually supplied by an interactive keyboard user. Sshpass runs ssh in a devoted tty, mislead it into believing that it is receiving the password from an interactive user.
Important: Using sshpass considered to be least secure, as it reveals the password to all system users on the command line with simple “ps” command. I highly recommend using SSH Passwordless authentication.
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Install sshpass on Linux Systems
In RedHat/CentOS based systems, first you need to enable Epel repository on your system to install it using yum command as shown.
On Debian/Ubuntu and its derivatives, you can install it using apt-get command as shown.
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Alternatively, you can install from source to have latest version of sshpass, first download the source code and then extract contents of the tar file and install it like so:
How to Use sshpass in Linux
sshpass is used together with ssh, you can view all the sshpass usage options with full descriptions by issuing the command below:
As I mentioned before, sshpass is more reliable and useful for scripting purposes, consider the example commands below.
Login to remote Linux ssh server (10.42.0.1) with the username and password and check the file-system disk usage of remote system as shown.
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Important: Here, the password is provided on the command line which is practically unsecure and using this option is not recommended.
sshpass – Linux Remote Login via SSH
However, to prevent showing password on the screen, you can use the
-e flag and enter the password as a value of the SSHPASS environment variable as below:
Note: In the example above, SSHPASS environment variable is for temporary purpose only and will be removed during reboot.
To permanently set the SSHPASS environment variable, open the /etc/profile file and type the export statement at the beginning of the file:
Save the file and exit, then run the command below to effect the changes:
On the other hand, you can also use the
-f flag and put the password in a file. This way, you can read the password from the file as follows:
sshpass – Supply Password File to Login
You can also use sshpass to transfer files using scp or backup/sync files over rsync using SSH as shown:
For more usage, I suggest you to read through the sshpass man page, type:
In this article, we explained sshpass a simple tool that enables non-interactive password authentication. Although, this tools may be helpful, it is highly recommended to use ssh’s more secure public key authentication mechanism.
Please, do leave a question or comment via the feedback section below for any further discussions.
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What if you want to supply a password along with username to SSH prompt itself? this is where sshpass comes to rescue.
sshpass is a simple and lightweight command line tool that enables us to provide password (non-interactive password authentication) to the command prompt itself, so that automated shell scripts can be executed to take backups via cron scheduler.
ssh uses straight TTY access to make sure that the password is actually supplied by an interactive keyboard user. Sshpass runs ssh in a devoted tty, mislead it into believing that it is receiving the password from an interactive user.
Important: Using sshpass considered to be least secure, as it reveals the password to all system users on the command line with simple “ps” command. I highly recommend using SSH Passwordless authentication.
Install sshpass on Linux Systems
In RedHat/CentOS based systems, first you need to enable Epel repository on your system to install it using yum command as shown.
On Debian/Ubuntu and its derivatives, you can install it using apt-get command as shown.
Alternatively, you can install from source to have latest version of sshpass, first download the source code and then extract contents of the tar file and install it like so:
How to Use sshpass in Linux
sshpass is used together with ssh, you can view all the sshpass usage options with full descriptions by issuing the command below:
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As I mentioned before, sshpass is more reliable and useful for scripting purposes, consider the example commands below.
Login to remote Linux ssh server (10.42.0.1) with the username and password and check the file-system disk usage of remote system as shown.
Important: Here, the password is provided on the command line which is practically unsecure and using this option is not recommended.
sshpass – Linux Remote Login via SSH
However, to prevent showing password on the screen, you can use the
-e flag and enter the password as a value of the SSHPASS environment variable as below:
Note: In the example above, SSHPASS environment variable is for temporary purpose only and will be removed during reboot.
To permanently set the SSHPASS environment variable, open the /etc/profile file and type the export statement at the beginning of the file:
Save the file and exit, then run the command below to effect the changes:
On the other hand, you can also use the
-f flag and put the password in a file. This way, you can read the password from the file as follows:
sshpass – Supply Password File to Login
You can also use sshpass to transfer files using scp or backup/sync files over rsync using SSH as shown:
For more usage, I suggest you to read through the sshpass man page, type:
In this article, we explained sshpass a simple tool that enables non-interactive password authentication. Although, this tools may be helpful, it is highly recommended to use ssh’s more secure public key authentication mechanism.
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Please, do leave a question or comment via the feedback section below for any further discussions.
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